Unlocking the Power of Vector Databases: A Comprehensive Guide (Real-World Examples)

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Jatin Malhotra
Machine Learning Engineer
An illustration showing a central database connected to various nodes representing different types of data and activities.

We live in a world overflowing with data. So much of our world exists in the digital space – social media interactions, sensor readings, financial transactions, scientific observations – and all of it generates data. it’s estimated that nearly half a million terabytes of data are created each day, and that number is growing exponentially.

This flood of information presents both opportunities and challenges. Businesses and organizations now have access to a treasure trove of information that can unlock insights, enhance decision-making, and spark innovation. But to tap into this goldmine, we need some serious tools and techniques.

Table Of Contents

Traditional vs Vector Databases: Approaches to Data Processing

In the evolving landscape of data management, traditional and vector databases offer distinct approaches to storing and retrieving information. The choice between them depends on the nature of the data you are managing and the specific needs of your application. Understanding the characteristics of your data will help determine which database approach is most appropriate for your needs.

Traditional Databases: Great for Structured Data, Not So Great for Complex Data

Traditional relational databases have been our go-to for data management for ages. They’re perfect for storing and retrieving structured data organized in neat rows and columns, like a super-organized spreadsheet with tables for customers, products, or financial records. They shine when it comes to handling queries based on exact matches and predefined relationships between data points.

a comparison of structured and unstructured data types
A side-by-side comparison of structured and unstructured data with examples of each

But here’s the thing: these databases aren’t so great when it comes to the messy, unstructured data we see more and more of today. 

For example: 

Originally published on Aug 16, 2024Last updated on Aug 27, 2024

Key Takeaways

What is a vector database?

A vector database stores and manages data points as vectors - numerical representations in a high-dimensional space. Each dimension corresponds to a specific feature of the data. For example, an image might be represented by a vector with dimensions for color, brightness, texture, or other visual characteristics.

What is the difference between a vector database and a traditional database?

Vector databases and traditional relational databases offer distinct approaches to storing and retrieving information. Relational databases are perfect for storing and retrieving structured data, such as financial records organized in neat rows and columns. Conversely, vector databases store data as vectors in multi-dimensional space. As such, they’re well-suited to managing and analyzing unstructured data like images, videos, PDF documents, and user behavioral data.

What is an example of a vector database?

With the growing popularity of vector databases, several options are available to cater to different needs and use cases. Three popular choices include Pinecone, Milvus, and Faiss. Pinecone is a managed cloud service for vector similarity search, offering ease of use and scalability. Milvus is an open-source vector database designed for handling large-scale data, providing flexibility and community support. Faiss, a library by Facebook AI, is optimized for efficient vector search and is known for its high performance in research and production environments. These options provide various features and capabilities to support diverse applications in AI and machine learning.

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