TypeScript vs JavaScript: Key Differences, Similarities, and When to Use Each (Or Both)

JavaScript has long been the universal programming language for building dynamic, interactive web applications. Today, JavaScript powers millions of websites, with estimates suggesting that nearly 99% (more than 49.5 million) use it as their client-side programming language. As web development demands have grown, TypeScript has emerged as a key tool. That’s because it enhances JavaScript with strong typing and advanced tooling to support the creation of more scalable, robust applications.

In this article, we’ll explore the key differences between JavaScript and TypeScript. We’ll also address the most common considerations when deciding whether to use JavaScript, adopt TypeScript, or manage both.

These considerations include:

• Key Features of TypeScript: How TypeScript enhances JavaScript with static typing and advanced tooling to support larger, more complex projects.
• Practical Adoption Strategies: Guidance for teams deciding whether to stick with JavaScript, transition to TypeScript, or adopt a hybrid approach.
• The Future of TypeScript: Insights into its growing importance in modern development workflows.

By the end, you’ll have a clear understanding of how TypeScript can enhance your development workflow and when it might be the ideal choice for your project or organization.

Origins of JavaScript and the Rise of TypeScript

JavaScript was first developed in the mid-90s to add interactivity to websites and quickly became the backbone of modern web development. JavaScript’s versatility and ease of use allowed developers to create dynamic content directly within the browser, transforming static web pages into interactive experiences. Additionally, its flexible, dynamically typed nature contributed to its rapid adoption, making it accessible and widely supported. 

However, as applications grew more complex, the very features that made JavaScript popular also posed challenges in managing large-scale codebases.